Food rules during gastritis

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects both adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: it should include medicines recommended by the doctor, physical therapy and a healthy lifestyle.Dietary nutrition plays a leading role in the treatment of pathology - a gastritis diet can eliminate unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition.

Nutrition during gastritis: basic principles

Diet is a special diet.It includes food, dishes and drinks that protect the gastric mucosa and can change the intensity of gastric juice secretion.

When gastritis has not yet caused pathologies of the stomach wall and is of low intensity, a balanced diet is enough to overcome the disease.

Diet for gastritis is not just a list of allowed and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition, which involves following important principles:

• Food restriction in the first two days of the acute stage of the disease.In the first hours of exacerbation, some doctors advise to abstain from food altogether, to organize a fasting day.Cool, weak tea and mineral water are allowed.This approach will allow the stomach to "rest" from digestion and restore its functionality.
• From the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, jelly, low-fat mashed potatoes with water and a soft-boiled egg.
• You should eat fractionally - in small portions throughout the day.The optimal regimen is 5-6 meals every 3-4 hours.It is not allowed to increase the number of "approaches" and take a long break between them.You should also not eat at night - the last meal should be 3 hours before bedtime.
• Liquids (tea, juices, water) should be drunk at least half an hour after meals.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juice, making digestion difficult.It is allowed to drink one glass of sparkling water before meals.
• If possible, eat salt-free food and try to prepare food without salt.
• In case of gastritis, one-component dishes are preferred, in which several products are not mixed at the same time.Food should be simple and healthy so as not to overload the stomach.
• When eating, you need to thoroughly chew each bite and each spoonful - the food will be pre-processed already in the mouth and it will be easier for the stomach to digest.
• It is strictly forbidden to eat dry food and snacks while traveling or in a hurry.
• In acute conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruits.
• Food temperature should be comfortable;Hot or cold food irritates the stomach even more.
• During gastritis, it is better to prepare food for a maximum of 2 days.If food is kept longer, its nutritional value will be lost and most of the beneficial vitamins will be destroyed.
• Ready meals should only be stored in the refrigerator and reheated to a comfortable temperature before eating.
• For cooking, use only fresh products purchased from trusted retailers.Otherwise, gastritis can be added to food poisoning with severe intoxication.
• Give preference to products without preservatives, dyes, harmful food additives and flavor enhancers.

Patients suffering from gastritis should not give up physical activity.On the contrary, moderate exercise, swimming and yoga will help speed up digestion.Special attention should also be paid to a healthy lifestyle - do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, follow a daily routine.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, including during inflammation of the stomach, should provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be comprehensive and rational.

The acute illness diet has many restrictions, but the list of products is generally extensive.

Porridge

They are considered the most useful products for patients with gastritis.Everyone, regardless of the form of the disease, should start the morning with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, supply the body with energy and microelements, and improve the functions of the stomach and intestines due to their fiber content.

• Oatmeal in the form of oatmeal is the No. 1 dish on the list of permitted foods for gastritis.The liquid consistency of porridge cooked in water or milk helps relieve stomach cramps and inflammation.Oatmeal is served as a side dish or dessert, adding sugar, allowed fruits and dried fruits.
• Semolina - boils quickly and has a slimy consistency, promotes the accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• Millet.Millet porridge is rough even after cooking, so it is better to take it in small quantities and avoid it in case of hyperacid gastritis.
• Rice is a tender grain that, when cooked, produces mucus that coats the stomach walls.Porridge made from ground rice can be eaten during exacerbation of gastritis with low and high acidity.If the disease is accompanied by constipation, you should not eat rice.
• Barley porridge covers the stomach lining well.But you have to prepare it correctly - cook it in water, wait for the cereal to boil completely and maintain the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for high acidity.Buckwheat cooked in the form of milk soup is healthy;It is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed in the remission stage of the disease, since heavy grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooked, the porridge is completely cooked and has a slimy consistency.

First courses of gastritis

Soups included in the diet should be cooked in weak broth.Bones, fatty meat and spices are not used in cooking.Soup ingredients should be very finely chopped, ideally grated.To make the dish thicker, you can add fried wheat flour.Soups made from oatmeal and rice cereal, with the addition of vegetable oil, but not butter, are slimy.

What to eat the first course during gastritis:

• rice and milk puree soup with vegetable broth;
• potato soup with carrots and olive oil;
• Rice slime soup with lean meat and parsley;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and dill;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable broth;
• low-fat fish soup from perch with parsley and carrots;
• Borshi with beef broth - beets are boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

With your imagination and the combination of foods allowed during gastritis, you can prepare various soups - tasty and healthy.

Fish and meat in gastritis

Fish is considered the main supplier of protein for the body;Moreover, its meat is quickly absorbed and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids restore the damaged stomach epithelium and act as an antioxidant.

The benefit of fish in gastritis depends on the fat content and cooking method.It is allowed to eat only lean types of fish: pollock, hake, pike perch, nawaga, sea lemon and flounder.The product should be consumed only after heat treatment, except for frying.Fish can be steamed or cooked in a slow cooker, eaten boiled, or made into steamed fish cutlets, meatballs, soufflés, and fish soup.

Salted fish is prohibited during gastritis, but in the remission stage it is allowed to eat a small amount of herring exclusively at home.In this case, you can independently control the amount of salt in the product and not harm the stomach.

Meat is a heavy product and difficult for the body to digest.But dietary meat dishes will moderately help restore the gastric mucosa due to the supply of proteins.Allowed types of meat include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But on one condition: the product must be low-fat and not fried.It is best to boil or steam the meat before eating;It is allowed to eat baked meat products during the remission stage.It is preferable to grind the meat into mince - so it absorbs more quickly - and use it to make cutlets, meatballs, zrazy, cannelles and meatballs.

Doctors advise not to mix meat with other food, otherwise the stomach will not be able to withstand the meal.

vegetables

Consumption of raw vegetables is allowed only during remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists recommend keeping a food diary, in which the body's reaction to each type should be noted.Vegetables should not contain coarse fibers that irritate the walls of the stomach.They should be boiled or stewed.

What can you eat during gastritis:

• Orange and red vegetables - pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• green vegetables - Brussels sprouts, asparagus, bell peppers, peas and young onions;
• White and purple - eggplant, cauliflower, parsley and potatoes.

Green vegetables should be limited in gastritis with high acidity.In addition to aggravating the pathology, you can eat cucumbers, peeled and grated.With vegetables, you can prepare not only soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, side dishes, pies and dishes.

Fruits, berries, melons

A "fruit" list of what you can and can't eat with gastritis,Includes the following fruits:

• Apple.For any acidity in the stomach, you should buy only sweet varieties and eat without peel and seeds.Baked apples are considered a dietary dish - they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectins, which improve digestion and improve health.
• Banana.A universal product for any form of gastritis.However, in the acute stage, you should not eat more than one banana a day: half in the morning and half in the evening.Only fruits with a light yellow skin are edible – overripe and green bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Pear.They are considered a harmless and useful product for the digestive system.They normalize the work of the intestines and remove toxins.
• Watermelon and melon.In small quantities, melons can be included in the diet, but not early varieties.Only those fruits that are sold until the end of August are edible - they contain less nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can eat moderate amounts in ground form;It is especially useful for reducing stomach acidity.Berries make up for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are allowed for any kind of stomach pathology.

All fresh berries and fruits contain acid that can irritate the stomach lining.The following list includes the safest fruits.But it is better if they undergo heat treatment before being included in the diet.

You can prepare delicious fruit drinks, jellies and compotes from berries, bake pears and apples.There is an exception for pathologies with insufficient secretion - these patients can eat citrus fruits, berries and fruits raw.To avoid fermentation, it is better to eat fruit separately from the first and second courses.

milk and eggs

Dairy products must be included in the diet during gastritis.Whole milk, as an independent drink, is consumed in moderation - it is difficult to break down and takes a long time to digest.It is better to add it to tea, porridge and soups.Goat's milk will be useful for gastritis.It is believed that it can relieve inflammation of internal organs.

Curd also has a good effect.It is used to prepare plates, oven-baked cheesecakes and lazy dumplings.If you want, you can eat fresh cottage cheese - just strain it through a fine sieve.

Hard cheese is allowed in minimal doses - soft and unsalted.Allowed products are fermented baked milk and low-fat sour cream, yogurt and acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make omelettes, steamed but not hard-boiled and no more than one egg per day.

flour and sweets

Crackers and stale white bread have a good effect on the stomach lining.Sausage can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day, it is allowed to add sugar-free cookies without chocolate or sugar-free cookies to your diet.You can eat pasta and vermicelli as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• honey
• semolina puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit jam;
• cottage cheese souffle;
• jelly from natural fruits;
• Non-acidic dried fruit soaked in warm water.

drinks

The following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed during gastritis: sweet apple, cherry, pear, peach, cabbage, tomato and potato.Juices should be diluted with cold water and drunk warm.

Rose decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, mineral water, jelly are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A properly structured diet during the inflammatory process involves avoiding food that irritates the stomach walls, complicates digestion and causes excessive fermentation.During any form of gastritis, the following is prohibited:

• rye and freshly baked bread;
• French fries;
• All strong fat broths;
• Okroshka
• classic borscht with tomatoes and fried;
• fried dishes with meat and fish;
• smoked meat, sausages and frankfurters;
• fatty types of fish, including canned;
• spicy salty hard cheese;
• Glazed cottage cheese;
• sour cream and fatty cream;
• ice cream
• cakes and pastries;
• grapes and juice from them;
• Cabbage
• turnip and radish;
• onion
• all kinds of mushrooms;
• legumes;
• swedish
• canned, pickled vegetables and pickles;

• coffee - brewed and instant;
• strong brewed tea;
• soda and bread quasi;
• chocolate and chocolate sweets;
• chicory drink;
• alcohol;
• nuts and seeds;
• ginger and hot spices;
• All kinds of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, milk
• lard
• Margarine, shortening and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is necessary to carry out diagnostics to determine the level of gastric acidity and secretory function.With general dietary recommendations, nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity can differ significantly.

Diet No. 1

This is a diet for gastritis with high acidity.Its purpose is to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Diet table No. 1 imposes a taboo on rough, spicy, "juicy" foods, smoked foods, and pickles.Dishes are best served pureed, steamed or boiled.Baking is allowed, but without a crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• butter cakes, puff cakes;
• Porridges made of millet, corn, eggs, pearl barley;
• Borsh, cabbage soup;
• greens - garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• sour, unripe, fiber-rich fruits and berries;
• fried and boiled eggs;
• kefir and fermented baked milk;
• All kinds of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, it includes the optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems, to improve the condition of the stomach.

Diet No. 2

Developed for the diet of patients with hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by a decrease in the secretory function of the stomach.The purpose of the diet is to stimulate the secretion process, but at the same time to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as difficult-to-digest dishes, are prohibited.Food with different chopped ingredients and different cooking methods is allowed - stewed, boiled, baked, moderately fried.Fiber-rich vegetables and fruits are shown in grated form.

What not to do with gastritis with low acidity:

• Pearl barley, millet, corn and barley porridge - limited;
• soups with milk;
• first courses of peas and beans;
• tough, fibrous meat and poultry;
• salted and smoked fish;
• raw, rough vegetables;
• Rough varieties of berries and fruits in raw form;
• dates and figs;
• Sour cream, dairy products with high acid content - limited;
• Hard boiled egg.

Diets are prescribed during the exacerbation of the disease.With the subsidence of inflammatory processes, they gradually switch to regular, but rational nutrition.Restrictions still apply to products that can cause exacerbation and severity of pathology in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-designed diet.You have to be patient, review your lifestyle and pay more attention to your health.